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A long-standing contradiction has posed a critical puzzle to urban sociologists: On the one hand, a wealth of ethnographic studies make the point that the kinds of neighborhoods people inhabit profoundly shape their fortunes; on the other hand, statistical analyses of “neighborhood effects” have often failed to confirm that claim. From the earliest studies of the Chicago School, through classic...
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The history of epistemology, however, can in large part be read as a history of trying to establish that there is a necessary connection between the answers to these two questions. A traditional view is that justified beliefs are ones arrived at using an appropriate methodology and that use of an appropriate methodology produces knowledge. Descartes, for example, argued that one is justified in...
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Much of current machine learning (ML) research has lost its connection to problems of import to the larger world of science and society. From this perspective, there exist glaring limitations in the data sets we investigate, the metrics we employ for evaluation, and the degree to which results are communicated back to their originating domains. What changes are needed to how we conduct research...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances
سال: 2017
ISSN: 2053-2733
DOI: 10.1107/s0108767317096763